Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems 2010; 12(2):5-8

Addiction: Challenging the dual diagnosis construct

Pani P. P.

Correspondence: Pier Paolo Pani, ASL 8 Cagliari, Direzione dei Servizi Socio-Sanitari, Cittadella della Salute – Padiglione Q, Via Romagna 16 – 09127 Cagliari, Italy.

Phone +39 070 6096385/ +39 349 3280112; Fax: +39 070 6096387 E-Mail: pallolo@tin.it

Summary: Not Available

Publication Type: Editorial

 

Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems 2010; 12(2):9-18

Adherence and social antecedents in relation to outcome in Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT)

Gronbladh L., Öhlund L. S.

Correspondence: Leif Grönbladh, MD, University Hospital, Se-75017 Uppsala, Sweden, EU, E-mail: Leif.Gronbladh@neuro.uu.se, Leif.Gronblad@akademiska.se

Summary: Numerous reports of the effectiveness of methadone in reducing opiate use as well as mortality, criminality, prostitution and the risk for HIV-infection have been published during the last forty years. However, poor adherence to treatment, continuing drug use and increasing rate of premature termination may lead to less than optimal outcome results or in too many cases death. The aim of this paper is to investigate which of the background variables, collected at the admission procedure, that can be used to tell which type of patient will adhere to the treatment regime and succeed or who will fail and who either need special considerations or ought not to be accepted for a methadone treatment (MMT). As much as 86 percent of the compliers in this study did benefit from the treatment and were rated as medium to very much improved according to CGI-I. The group not improved or worse had significantly more background problems such as school problems, a history of non-opioid abuse, many non-MMT treatment episodes, low age at drug debut and opioid debut than the group much or very much improved. Those moderately improved is usually situated somewhere in between the others.

Publication Type: Regular article

 

Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems 2010; 12(2):19-24

Additional take-home dosages

Rupnik J. C.

Correspondence: Jasna Cuk Rupnik, MD - CPZOPD Logatec, Notranjska 2, 1370 Logatec, Slovenia, EU

Phone. +386 17508264, +386 17508220, Fax +386 17508222

e-mail: cukovi@gmail.com, cpzopd@zd-logatec.si

Summary: Objectives: The objective of the study was to analyse the practice of giving take-home dosages of opioid medications to patients with reference to the reasons for and the quantity of the medications given as additional or extra take-home dosages. Methods: All the patients were checked regarding the kind of medication, urine samples, reasons for extra take-home dosages and their quantity. Results: Of the 150 patients selected for the group in the programme, 27 needed one or more extra take-home dosages in 2007. 10 (11*) of those patients had negative urine samples for all illicit drugs and never used alcohol at any stage of the year of the study. 7 patients used marijuana, benzodiazepines or alcohol only once or just occasionally in that year. 10 patients used other illicit drugs or used alcohol and benzodiazepines more often. Among the reasons for extra take-home dosages, hard physical work was listed 7 times, vomiting because of the bad taste of the medication 3 times, difficulties in intiating medical therapy after entering the programme 3 times, vomiting as a part of illness twice and lowering the dosage too quickly twice. Other reasons were listed once each. Altogether, the percentage of the overall quantity of medications received by patients during the year as extra take-home dosages was: 0.47% for methadone, 0.75% for buprenorphine and 0.10% for SR morphine. Conclusions: Reviewing the fairly good results of treatment at the centre, therapeutic decisions to give additional take-home dosages to the patients have proved to be reasonable and usually correct. Throughout this study a continual therapeutic wish to achieve a better understanding of opioid addiction as just one among other chronic diseases has been made evident.

Publication Type: Regular article

 

Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems 2010; 12(2):25-28

From methadone to buprenorphine or back to methadone. The Croatian experience

Ivancic A.

Correspondence: Ante Ivancic, MD. Centre for Adddiction Treatment, M.Gioseffi 2 52 440 Porec, Croatia

E-mail ante.ivancic@pu.t-com.hr

Summary: In Croatia maintenance treatment is made widely available through a network of GP offices that covers the whole of the country. More then 50% of all GPs in Croatia have at least one patient in MT. Methadone was the only opioid agonist used for over a decade, but this changed when buprenorphine was introduced 4 years ago.

There is little difference in the regimen for the prescription and provision of the two medications: both are free of charge and are prescribed by GPs; in addition, there are no restrictions on the dose to be used or on ‘take home’ policy. The decision on which medication will be used is based exclusively on the clinical assessment and patient-doctor agreement.

The example of Croatia gives an opportunity to compare the acceptance of this medication by patients and doctors in situations of equal availability.

Publication Type: Brief Communication

 

Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems 2010; 12(2):29-36

Methadone treatment for pregnant heroin addicted women

Finnegan L., Pacini M., Maremmani I.

Correspondence: Finnegan Loretta, MD - Perinatal Addiction and Women's Health, 700 Ocean Drive, Unit E-1, 08202 Avalon New Jersey, USA - E-mail: finnegal337@aol.com

Summary: A review of methadone-related issues and the approach to heroin addicted patients is presented with the aim to clarify what is practiced by the establishment of anti-craving treatment and what is expected within a history of addiction. A series of clinical situations occurring throughout pregnancy to early child development are described, and the etiological hypothesis discussed. Moreover, some methodological considerations are described in order to better understand some ambiguity about the effectiveness and harmlessness of methadone treatment, particularly with regard to neonatal opiate withdrawal. Limitations to the outcome of pregnancies in heroin addicted women seems to be due to misconceptions about methadone toxicity and neonatal damage, which may lead to the mishandling of methadone as a therapeutic modality, especially with regard to maintenance at effective dosages.

Publication Type: Seminar

 

Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems 2010; 12(2):37-40

What is the right dosage for our patients?

Ulmer A.

Summary: Not Available

Publication Type: Letter to the editor